/*
 * Compilation Copyright (c) 1995-2019 by Wei Dai.  All rights reserved.
 *	This copyright applies only to this software distribution package
 *	as a compilation, and does not imply a copyright on any particular
 *	file in the package.
 * 
 *	Boost Software License - Version 1.0 - August 17th, 2003
 *
 *	Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
 *	obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
 *	this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
 *	execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
 *	Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
 *	do so, all subject to the following:
 * 
 *	The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
 *	the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
 *	must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
 *	all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
 *	works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
 *	a source language processor.
 *
 *	THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 *	IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 *	FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
 *	SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
 *	FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
 *	ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
 *	DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 */

// osrng.h - originally written and placed in the public domain by Wei Dai

/// \file osrng.h
/// \brief Classes for access to the operating system's random number generators

#ifndef CRYPTOPP_OSRNG_H
#define CRYPTOPP_OSRNG_H

#include "config.h"

#if !defined(NO_OS_DEPENDENCE) && defined(OS_RNG_AVAILABLE)

#include "cryptlib.h"
#include "randpool.h"
#include "smartptr.h"
#include "fips140.h"
#include "rng.h"
#include "aes.h"
#include "sha.h"

NAMESPACE_BEGIN(CryptoPP)

/// \brief Exception thrown when an operating system error is encountered
class CRYPTOPP_DLL OS_RNG_Err : public Exception
{
public:
	/// \brief Constructs an OS_RNG_Err
	/// \param operation the operation or API call when the error occurs
	OS_RNG_Err(const std::string &operation);
};

#ifdef NONBLOCKING_RNG_AVAILABLE

#ifdef CRYPTOPP_WIN32_AVAILABLE
/// \brief Wrapper for Microsoft crypto service provider
/// \sa \def USE_MS_CRYPTOAPI, \def USE_MS_CNGAPI
class CRYPTOPP_DLL MicrosoftCryptoProvider
{
public:
	/// \brief Construct a MicrosoftCryptoProvider
	MicrosoftCryptoProvider();
	~MicrosoftCryptoProvider();

// type HCRYPTPROV and BCRYPT_ALG_HANDLE, avoid #include <windows.h>
#if defined(USE_MS_CRYPTOAPI)
# if defined(__CYGWIN__) && defined(__x86_64__)
	typedef unsigned long long ProviderHandle;
# elif defined(WIN64) || defined(_WIN64)
	typedef unsigned __int64 ProviderHandle;
# else
	typedef unsigned long ProviderHandle;
# endif
#elif defined(USE_MS_CNGAPI)
	typedef void *PVOID;
	typedef PVOID ProviderHandle;
#endif // USE_MS_CRYPTOAPI or USE_MS_CNGAPI

	/// \brief Retrieves the provider handle
	/// \returns CryptoAPI provider handle
	/// \details If USE_MS_CRYPTOAPI is in effect, then CryptAcquireContext()
	///   acquires then handle and CryptReleaseContext() releases the handle
	///   upon destruction. If USE_MS_CNGAPI is in effect, then
	///   BCryptOpenAlgorithmProvider() acquires then handle and
	///   BCryptCloseAlgorithmProvider() releases the handle upon destruction.
	ProviderHandle GetProviderHandle() const {return m_hProvider;}

private:
	ProviderHandle m_hProvider;
};

#if defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(USE_MS_CRYPTOAPI)
# pragma comment(lib, "advapi32.lib")
#endif

#if defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(USE_MS_CNGAPI)
# pragma comment(lib, "bcrypt.lib")
#endif

#endif // CRYPTOPP_WIN32_AVAILABLE

/// \brief Wrapper class for /dev/random and /dev/srandom
/// \details Encapsulates CryptoAPI's CryptGenRandom() or CryptoNG's BCryptGenRandom()
///   on Windows, or /dev/urandom on Unix and compatibles.
class CRYPTOPP_DLL NonblockingRng : public RandomNumberGenerator
{
public:
	CRYPTOPP_STATIC_CONSTEXPR const char* StaticAlgorithmName() { return "NonblockingRng"; }

	~NonblockingRng();

	/// \brief Construct a NonblockingRng
	NonblockingRng();

	/// \brief Generate random array of bytes
	/// \param output the byte buffer
	/// \param size the length of the buffer, in bytes
	/// \details GenerateIntoBufferedTransformation() calls are routed to GenerateBlock().
	void GenerateBlock(byte *output, size_t size);

protected:
#ifdef CRYPTOPP_WIN32_AVAILABLE
	MicrosoftCryptoProvider m_Provider;
#else
	int m_fd;
#endif
};

#endif

#if defined(BLOCKING_RNG_AVAILABLE) || defined(CRYPTOPP_DOXYGEN_PROCESSING)

/// \brief Wrapper class for /dev/random and /dev/srandom
/// \details Encapsulates /dev/random on Linux, OS X and Unix; and /dev/srandom on the BSDs.
/// \note On Linux the /dev/random interface is effectively deprecated. According to the
///   Kernel Crypto developers, /dev/urandom or getrandom(2) should be used instead. Also
///   see <A HREF="https://lkml.org/lkml/2017/7/20/993">[RFC PATCH v12 3/4] Linux Random
///   Number Generator</A> on the kernel-crypto mailing list.
class CRYPTOPP_DLL BlockingRng : public RandomNumberGenerator
{
public:
	CRYPTOPP_STATIC_CONSTEXPR const char* StaticAlgorithmName() { return "BlockingRng"; }

	~BlockingRng();

	/// \brief Construct a BlockingRng
	BlockingRng();

	/// \brief Generate random array of bytes
	/// \param output the byte buffer
	/// \param size the length of the buffer, in bytes
	/// \details GenerateIntoBufferedTransformation() calls are routed to GenerateBlock().
	void GenerateBlock(byte *output, size_t size);

protected:
	int m_fd;
};

#endif

/// OS_GenerateRandomBlock
/// \brief Generate random array of bytes
/// \param blocking specifies whther a bobcking or non-blocking generator should be used
/// \param output the byte buffer
/// \param size the length of the buffer, in bytes
/// \details OS_GenerateRandomBlock() uses the underlying operating system's
///   random number generator. On Windows, CryptGenRandom() is called using NonblockingRng.
/// \details On Unix and compatibles, /dev/urandom is called if blocking is false using
///   NonblockingRng. If blocking is true, then either /dev/randomd or /dev/srandom is used
///  by way of BlockingRng, if available.
CRYPTOPP_DLL void CRYPTOPP_API OS_GenerateRandomBlock(bool blocking, byte *output, size_t size);

/// \brief Automatically Seeded Randomness Pool
/// \details This class seeds itself using an operating system provided RNG.
///    AutoSeededRandomPool was suggested by Leonard Janke.
class CRYPTOPP_DLL AutoSeededRandomPool : public RandomPool
{
public:
	CRYPTOPP_STATIC_CONSTEXPR const char* StaticAlgorithmName() { return "AutoSeededRandomPool"; }

	~AutoSeededRandomPool() {}

	/// \brief Construct an AutoSeededRandomPool
	/// \param blocking controls seeding with BlockingRng or NonblockingRng
	/// \param seedSize the size of the seed, in bytes
	/// \details Use blocking to choose seeding with BlockingRng or NonblockingRng.
	///   The parameter is ignored if only one of these is available.
	explicit AutoSeededRandomPool(bool blocking = false, unsigned int seedSize = 32)
		{Reseed(blocking, seedSize);}

	/// \brief Reseed an AutoSeededRandomPool
	/// \param blocking controls seeding with BlockingRng or NonblockingRng
	/// \param seedSize the size of the seed, in bytes
	void Reseed(bool blocking = false, unsigned int seedSize = 32);
};

/// \tparam BLOCK_CIPHER a block cipher
/// \brief Automatically Seeded X9.17 RNG
/// \details AutoSeededX917RNG is from ANSI X9.17 Appendix C, seeded using an OS provided RNG.
///   If 3-key TripleDES (DES_EDE3) is used, then its a X9.17 conforming generator. If AES is
///   used, then its a X9.31 conforming generator.
/// \details Though ANSI X9 prescribes 3-key TripleDES, the template parameter BLOCK_CIPHER can be any
///   BlockTransformation derived class.
/// \sa X917RNG, DefaultAutoSeededRNG
template <class BLOCK_CIPHER>
class AutoSeededX917RNG : public RandomNumberGenerator, public NotCopyable
{
public:
	static std::string StaticAlgorithmName() { return std::string("AutoSeededX917RNG(") + BLOCK_CIPHER::StaticAlgorithmName() + std::string(")"); }

	~AutoSeededX917RNG() {}

	/// \brief Construct an AutoSeededX917RNG
	/// \param blocking controls seeding with BlockingRng or NonblockingRng
	/// \param autoSeed controls auto seeding of the generator
	/// \details Use blocking to choose seeding with BlockingRng or NonblockingRng.
	///   The parameter is ignored if only one of these is available.
	/// \sa X917RNG
	explicit AutoSeededX917RNG(bool blocking = false, bool autoSeed = true)
		{if (autoSeed) Reseed(blocking);}

	/// \brief Reseed an AutoSeededX917RNG
	/// \param blocking controls seeding with BlockingRng or NonblockingRng
	/// \param additionalEntropy additional entropy to add to the generator
	/// \param length the size of the additional entropy, in bytes
	/// \details Internally, the generator uses SHA256 to extract the entropy from
	///   from the seed and then stretch the material for the block cipher's key
	///   and initialization vector.
	void Reseed(bool blocking = false, const byte *additionalEntropy = NULLPTR, size_t length = 0);

	/// \brief Deterministically reseed an AutoSeededX917RNG for testing
	/// \param key the key to use for the deterministic reseeding
	/// \param keylength the size of the key, in bytes
	/// \param seed the seed to use for the deterministic reseeding
	/// \param timeVector a time vector to use for deterministic reseeding
	/// \details This is a testing interface for testing purposes, and should \a NOT
	///   be used in production.
	void Reseed(const byte *key, size_t keylength, const byte *seed, const byte *timeVector);

	bool CanIncorporateEntropy() const {return true;}
	void IncorporateEntropy(const byte *input, size_t length) {Reseed(false, input, length);}
	void GenerateIntoBufferedTransformation(BufferedTransformation &target, const std::string &channel, lword length)
		{m_rng->GenerateIntoBufferedTransformation(target, channel, length);}

	std::string AlgorithmProvider() const;

private:
	member_ptr<RandomNumberGenerator> m_rng;
};

template <class BLOCK_CIPHER>
void AutoSeededX917RNG<BLOCK_CIPHER>::Reseed(const byte *key, size_t keylength, const byte *seed, const byte *timeVector)
{
	m_rng.reset(new X917RNG(new typename BLOCK_CIPHER::Encryption(key, keylength), seed, timeVector));
}

template <class BLOCK_CIPHER>
void AutoSeededX917RNG<BLOCK_CIPHER>::Reseed(bool blocking, const byte *input, size_t length)
{
	SecByteBlock seed(BLOCK_CIPHER::BLOCKSIZE + BLOCK_CIPHER::DEFAULT_KEYLENGTH);
	const byte *key;
	do
	{
		OS_GenerateRandomBlock(blocking, seed, seed.size());
		if (length > 0)
		{
			SHA256 hash;
			hash.Update(seed, seed.size());
			hash.Update(input, length);
			hash.TruncatedFinal(seed, UnsignedMin(hash.DigestSize(), seed.size()));
		}
		key = seed + BLOCK_CIPHER::BLOCKSIZE;
	}	// check that seed and key don't have same value
	while (memcmp(key, seed, STDMIN((unsigned int)BLOCK_CIPHER::BLOCKSIZE, (unsigned int)BLOCK_CIPHER::DEFAULT_KEYLENGTH)) == 0);

	Reseed(key, BLOCK_CIPHER::DEFAULT_KEYLENGTH, seed, NULLPTR);
}

template <class BLOCK_CIPHER>
std::string AutoSeededX917RNG<BLOCK_CIPHER>::AlgorithmProvider() const
{
	// Hack for now... We need to instantiate one
	typename BLOCK_CIPHER::Encryption bc;
	return bc.AlgorithmProvider();
}

CRYPTOPP_DLL_TEMPLATE_CLASS AutoSeededX917RNG<AES>;

#if defined(CRYPTOPP_DOXYGEN_PROCESSING)
/// \brief A typedef providing a default generator
/// \details DefaultAutoSeededRNG is a typedef of either AutoSeededX917RNG<AES> or AutoSeededRandomPool.
///   If CRYPTOPP_ENABLE_COMPLIANCE_WITH_FIPS_140_2 is defined, then DefaultAutoSeededRNG is
///   AutoSeededX917RNG<AES>. Otherwise, DefaultAutoSeededRNG is AutoSeededRandomPool.
class DefaultAutoSeededRNG {}
#else
// AutoSeededX917RNG<AES> in FIPS mode, otherwise it's AutoSeededRandomPool
#if CRYPTOPP_ENABLE_COMPLIANCE_WITH_FIPS_140_2
typedef AutoSeededX917RNG<AES> DefaultAutoSeededRNG;
#else
typedef AutoSeededRandomPool DefaultAutoSeededRNG;
#endif
#endif // CRYPTOPP_DOXYGEN_PROCESSING

NAMESPACE_END

#endif

#endif
